The transept, in the most general sense, is the transverse unit of a basilical church located between the nave and the apse. Since it did not originate from Roman architecture and was rarely included in church planning, several scholars have attempted to understand whether the transept functioned differently from ordinary basilicas since the beginning of the 20th century. Transept basilicas spread over a wide geographical area during Late Antiquity, between the 4th and the 6th centuries, and ceased to be employed a…
This study aims to evaluate the 1890 Salonica fire and its effects on the development of the city. Fires caused by natural causes or human error were part of everyday life in Salonica. Small fires were common for everyday life. But when fires grew, the consequences became devastating. The narrow and dead-end streets most affected by the fires were the Jewish quarters in the city center, where wooden houses were located. The existing wooden building stock of these neighbourhoods was the most important cause of the f…
From the 19th century onwards, Tsarist Russia began to dominate a wide area in Turkestan through economic and military incursions. While it carried out commercial activities in the coastal cities and peninsulas in the west and east of the Caspian Sea, it also went on to capture these regions, building military bases at strategic points. One place that the Russians considered of vital importance to capture was Ashuradeh Island. Located in the south of the Caspian Sea, this island, which facilitated access to Iran an…
The Byzantines and the Ottomans were both rivals and neighbours. They were also in close cultural contact: they observed each other’s customs, clothing and food. Byzantine literary texts from this period, such as histories and dialogues on Christianity and Islam, are invaluable sources in this sphere, offering insight not only into these respective religions but also providing many instances of cultural encounters. This paper presents some vignettes of daily life encounters between the Byzantines and the Ottomans…
1768-1774 Ottoman-Russian War was a turning point for the Ottoman Empire in terms of its results. Because the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca, signed on July 21, 1774, contained heavy conditions. In this context, although the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca ended the war between the two states, it also formed the basis for the emergence of new problems with the uncertainties it contained. Inasmuch as, citing the treaty, Russia made various attempts such as opening a consulate outside Istanbul, conducting commercial activities ag…
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